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1937). There remained, however, a mystery: diet that induced black tongue in dogs was richer in nicotinic acid or its amide than normal milk. In 1945, Elvehjem’s group showed that tryptophan can fully substitute the vitamin action of nicotinic acid, indicating that nicotinic acid is synthesized from tryptophan (Krehl et al. 1945). Henderson and Ramasarma revealed that quinolinic acid is formed from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, a metabolite of tryptophan (Henderson and Ramasarma 1949). However, they were unable to explain how quinolic acid is converted to nicotinic acid.
1937). There remained, however, a mystery: diet that induced black tongue in dogs was richer in nicotinic acid or its amide than normal milk. In 1945, Elvehjem’s group showed that tryptophan can fully substitute the vitamin action of nicotinic acid, indicating that nicotinic acid is synthesized from tryptophan (Krehl et al. 1945). Henderson and Ramasarma revealed that quinolinic acid is formed from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, a metabolite of tryptophan (Henderson and Ramasarma 1949). However, they were unable to explain how quinolic acid is converted to nicotinic acid.
The function of vitamin B12 was first recognized in 1958 when Horace Barker found that it acts as a coenzyme for interconversion between L-glutamate and 3-methylaspartate (Barker et al. 1958). The structure of the coenzyme, adenosylcobalamin, was solved again by Hodgkin in 1961. The finding in 1946 by T. Spies and colleagues that thymine can substitute the functions of folic acid and vitamin B12 led to the understanding that both folic acid and vitamin B12 are involved in methyl transfer reactions (Vilter et al.
