By Diego Zamboni
CFEngine is the main mature and regularly occurring instrument for accomplished configuration administration. This publication is dedicated to CFEngine three, published in 2009. the most viewers for this booklet is skilled procedure directors of null-to-medium services with CFEngine, even if extra complex CFEngine clients can also locate priceless snippets and methods. Its target is to lead you from set up to complicated examples and ideas by utilizing examples and methods that may be placed to paintings immediately away.
CFEngine used to be first published in 1993, and it has advanced through the years to deal with actual wishes in genuine platforms, and to compare the technological evolutions that experience taken position, equivalent to virtualization and cloud computing. CFEngine is fine-tuned to the gains and layout that give the opportunity to automate very huge numbers of structures in a scalable and potential method. CFEngine has been designed to be very resource-efficient, and it could run on every thing from smartphones to supercomputers.
With the recent model got here a whole overhaul of its syntax and mode of operation, and with many new beneficial properties similar to wisdom administration and help for digital environments. CFEngine three isn't like many different automation mechanisms in that you simply would not have to inform it what to do. as an alternative, you specify the kingdom during which you need the method to be, and CFEngine will instantly and iteratively come to a decision the activities to take to arrive the specified nation, or as just about it as attainable. Underlying this skill is a strong theoretical version referred to as Promise conception, which was once before everything constructed for CFEngine three, yet which has additionally came upon different purposes in desktop technology and in different fields resembling Economics and Organization.
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Additional info for Learning CFEngine 3: Automated system administration for sites of any size
Example text
Arrays Arrays are sets of values indexed by a string (they are commonly called hashes in other programming languages). Array elements can contain scalars, lists or other arrays, even within the same array. In CFEngine, arrays are declared element by element, as if they were regular variables, except their name contains the index surrounded by brackets. There is no shortcut for declaring the whole array in a single step. There are certain functions that operate on arrays, such as getindices() and getvalues(), and they receive as argument the name of the array as a string.
This is the part of the policy that tells CFEngine what to do. Here is how it works: In CFEngine, a bundle of type “agent” (identified by its declaration bundle agent, followed by an arbitrary identifier, in this case edit_motd) could be considered the equivalent of a subroutine, and contains promises that CFEngine evaluates and acts on, if needed. It is split into sections that correspond to different types of promises, which are the lines that start with a word and end with a single colon.
The former simply indicates that the file needs to be created if it doesn’t exist yet. The latter means that lines in /etc/motd will be edited according to the specification given by a bundle named addmessage. Casting this into CFEngine terminology: All promisers in the files: section are interpreted by CFEngine as files on the system, so the promise in our sample policy means that the /etc/motd file promises to be edited according to the instructions given by the body of the promise. The value of the edit_line parameter is the name of an edit_line bundle.
