By Heidi Johansen-Berg, Timothy E.J. Behrens
Diffusion MRI is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedure that produces in vivo photographs of organic tissues weighted with the neighborhood microstructural features of water diffusion, offering an efficient technique of visualizing sensible connectivities within the frightened procedure. This publication is the 1st finished reference selling the certainty of this speedily evolving and robust expertise and supplying the fundamental instruction manual for designing, examining or examining diffusion MR experiments.
The ebook provides diffusion imaging within the context of well-established, classical experimental innovations, in order that readers should be in a position to determine the scope and obstacles of the recent imaging expertise with recognize to concepts on hand formerly.
All chapters are written through prime foreign specialists and canopy technique, validation of the imaging know-how, software of diffusion imaging to the research of edition and improvement of standard mind anatomy, and disruption to the white topic in neurological disorder or psychiatric illness.
. Discusses all points of a selection MRI examine from acquisition, via research, to interpretation, offering a vital reference textual content for scientists designing or analyzing diffusion MR experiments
. sensible suggestion on operating an experiment
. complete colour all through
Read Online or Download Diffusion MRI: From quantitative measurement to in-vivo neuroanatomy PDF
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Extra info for Diffusion MRI: From quantitative measurement to in-vivo neuroanatomy
Sample text
Thus, while either the phase encoded or frequency encoded resolution may be reduced for enhanced SNR, specifically reducing the frequency encoded resolution can additionally reduce warping. Often for DWI of white matter, isotropic resolution is desirable, so that metrics obtained from the data are independent of tract orientation with respect to the collected slices. e. slice thickness. It generally takes tissues 3–4 seconds for Mz to recover in brain tissue (T1 is on the order of a second or two).
C. Propeller FSE B. Multi-Shot Methods Multiple shot methods are desirable for diffusionweighted imaging because they can potentially reduce the echo train duration for each shot, which may increase SNR as well as decrease blurring from spin dephasing and T2 losses. This advantage increases as one moves toward higher resolution images, which by their nature require a longer total duration for data collection. There are two main disadvantages to multi-shot methods. The first is that they can be inherently slower than single-shot methods, since for an N-shot method, the diffusion weighting must be repeated N times.
Refocusing remains quite effective, even for rotation angles that deviate far from 180 degrees, as long as the rotating rf pulse is applied parallel to the rotating magnetization (recall they must rotate at the same frequency). This is called the CPMG method, or CPMG condition (named after the investigators Carr, Purcell, Meiboom, and Gill). The CPMG method works so well that many refocusing designs purposefully use rf pulses with flip angles much smaller than 180 degrees. One advantage of smaller flip angles is that refocusing pulses have two other effects which scale, at least in part, with the square of the flip angle (specifically with rf power).
