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NMR in Medicine and Biology: Structure Determination, by Professor Dr. Karl H. Hausser, Priv.-Doz.Dr.Dr. Hans R.

By Professor Dr. Karl H. Hausser, Priv.-Doz.Dr.Dr. Hans R. Kalbitzer (auth.)

0 e From the stories of the German edition: "NMR: readable but professional... via this e-book the reader with a systematic heritage turns into conversant in all vital NMR phenomena, tools and conceptions... the good volume of rigorously drawn figures and elegantly chosen biologically correct spectra and figures are an decisive bridge to the ... target, to show the NMR fundamentals with out arithmetic. in addition to biologists and physicians the ebook might be hugely prompt to physicists and chemists..." #Nachrichten a. d. Chemie, Technik u. Laboratorien#1 "An remarkable NMR textbook ... The authors succeeded in featuring the topic vividly. This ebook is obviously set out and simple to stick to at a look, and its a variety of figures are tremendous good done." #Labo#2

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Additional resources for NMR in Medicine and Biology: Structure Determination, Tomography, In Vivo Spectroscopy

Sample text

B) Integral of the spectrum. 18 ppm components. For coupling with N equivalent nuclei with the nuclear spin I = ~ that causes a splitting of the resonance line in N + 1 multiplet components, the intensities follow the binomial coefficients component is then I m rv (N) m _ 1 N! (N + 1 - m)! 2) Hence, for the CH3 -group in ethanol one obtains for the coupling with the CH2group (N = 2) three multiplet components with an intensity ratio 1 : 2 : 1. The case becomes considerably more complicated. if the approximation of weak coupling is no longer valid.

It is the Bo-field that produces the splitting between the nuclear spin energy levels and the NMR transitions induced therein. Static magnetic fields can be produced by three different types of magnets: electromagnets, permanent magnets and superconducting magnets. With, high resolution spectroscopy, superconducting magnets are nowadays almost exclusively used because only they can produce the high magnetic fields required for optimum resolution and sensitivity. In tomography, on the other hand, in addition to superconducting magnets, electromagnets are still being used as well because here it is not so clear which magnetic field is the most suitable one; furthermore, 33 Fig.

To induce NMR transitions a radio frequency field Bl is also needed perpendicular to the static magnetic field. The rf frequency is generated by a transmitter and applied to the sample by using a coil or a resonator. With cw spectroscopy the radio frequency is applied continuously with low power, while in the case of pulsed NMR intense pulses must be produced for short periods of the order of several microseconds. The NMR signal is then detected either by the transmitter coil or by a separate receiver coil.

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