By Michel Gautherie, T.C. Cetas, Thaddeus V. Samulski, Peter Fessenden, Jean C. Bolomey, M.S. Hawley, Maurice Chive
The huge, immense strength that hyperthermia has for reaping benefits sufferers with melanoma is impressively indicated by way of organic reports, either in vitro and in vivo, and by way of comparative medical reviews each time the warmth has been appro priate to the scale of the tumor. yet hyperthermia, as with all different technologically dependent scientific systems, calls for an intensive strengthen ment of refined instrumentation and strategies to supply regimen medical gain. We most likely erred in beginning scientific trials so quickly. We had was hoping that by way of exhibiting the medical merits on a few superficial tumors fast, monetary aid will be motivated for the mandatory technolog ical advancements. regrettably, treating superficial affliction accurately used to be tougher than we had intended and neighborhood remedies have been much less winning than we had wanted. The actual purposes are transparent and have been obvious from the start, even if in our enthusiasm we overlooked them. situations are diversified now. we need to deal with a variety of tumors in numerous websites, however the structures and methods required are just to be had in a couple of laboratories and clinics the place they nonetheless are present process refinement.
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Sample text
Because of the large temperature field curvature near the interstitial device, temperature averaging or smearing associated with the metal needle results in a substantially lower maximum temperature as well as spatial distortion. It is important to realize that the thermal conductive properties of the probe and associated catheter can influence the measurement. The magnitude of the effect depends on probe/catheter physical properties, probe/catheter size, and the curvature of the temperature field that exists in the sampled tissue [62, 63].
Fessenden P, Kapp DS, Lee ER, Samulski TV (1988) Clinical microwave applicator design. In: Paliwal BR, Hetzel FW, Dewhirst MW (eds) Biological, physical and clinical aspects of hyperthermia. Med Phys Monogr 16:123-131 48. Turner PF (1986) Interstitial EM applicator/temperature Thermometry in Therapeutic Hyperthermia probe. IEEE Proc 8th Annual Conf of the IEEE Eng in Med and Bioi Soc, vol 3, pp 1454-1457 49. Prionas SD, Goffinet DR, Samulski TV, Fessenden P, Hahn GM (1984) Characterization of an interstitial hyperthermia RF system utilizing flexible electrodes.
This accumulation of data is used to quantify the magnitude and frequency of calibration discrepancies. Tests such as these should be done prior to and following the initial introduction of a system to clinical use. Once consistency has been established and confidence in the system's performance gained, the frequency of checks can be reduced if indicated. Checking a new system pre- and posttreatment for calibration accuracy will give information related to probe durability when subjected to routine clinical use.
