By Melanie L.J. Stiassny, Lynne R. Parenti, G. David Johnson
Comprising via a long way the most important and so much assorted workforce of vertebrates, fishes occupy a wide swathe of habitats starting from the inner most ocean abyss to the top mountain lakes. Such tremendous ecological variety and the consequent type in way of life, anatomy, body structure and behaviour, make unraveling the evolutionary background of fishes a frightening job. The successor of a vintage quantity by way of an identical identify, Interrelationships of Fishes , presents the most recent within the "state of the artwork" of systematics and category for plenty of of the foremost teams of fishes. In delivering a valid phylogenetic framework from top gurus within the box, this booklet is an essential reference for a large diversity of biologists, in particular scholars of fish habit, anatomy, body structure, molecular biology, genetics and ecology--in truth, someone who needs to interpret their paintings on fishes in an evolutionary context. * presents thorough and complete therapy of the Phylogency of fishes * Assembles a world crew of specialist members * necessary to a large choice of fish biologists
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Comprising via some distance the most important and such a lot different staff of vertebrates, fishes occupy a large swathe of habitats starting from the private ocean abyss to the top mountain lakes. Such impressive ecological variety and the consequent kind in way of life, anatomy, body structure and behaviour, make unraveling the evolutionary background of fishes a frightening activity.
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130}. Girdles and Paired Fins 57. Symphysial fusion of right and left halves of coracoid cartilages: [0] articulated; [1] fused incompletely; [2] fused to form a transverse bar [ordered, OG = 0]. The coracoids are separate in outgroup taxa and hexanchoids (State 0), as opposed to being a U shaped coracoid bar in most living forms (State 2). State 1 is seen in Chlamydoselachus and Aculeola, where coracoid cartilages are prolonged anteriorly as in hexanchoids but have a characteristic wedge-shaped notch at the posterior surface of the symphysial portion (Shirai, 1992c, plate 44).
NMFS 34. Gaudin, T. J. (1991). A re-examination of elasmobranch monophyly and chondrichthyan phylogeny. Neues Jahrb. Geol. Palaeontol. Abh. 182, 133-160. Glickman, L. S. (1964). " Akademia Nauk, SSSR. Glickman, L. S. (1967). Subclass Elasmobranchii (sharks). In "Fundamentals of Paleontology," (Y. A. Orlov and D. V. ). Vol. 2, pp. 292-352. Israel Program Sci. , Jerusalem. Hasse, J. C. F. (1879-1885). " Fischer, Jena. Heemstra, P. C , and Smith, B. G. (1980). Hexatrygonidae, a new family of stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Batoidea) from South Africa, with comments on the classification of batoid fishes.
2, but support for this resolution is weak. Compagno's (1988) detailed study explained carcharhinoid interrelationships as follows. Carcharhiniformes is clearly defined, but it is difficult to analyze their modifications phylogenetically, because some nonmonophyletic higher taxa, for example, "triakids" and carcharhinids, must be postulated. The higher carcharhinoids comprising hemigaleids, carcharhinids, and sphyrnids are the most derived, forming a single phyletic unit. This is recognized here, but Compagno designated the triakid Galeorhinini {Galeorhinus + Hypogaleus) as the sister-group of this unit.
