By Elise Tipton
The social historical past of Japan among the 1st and moment international Wars is a missed region of research. The individuals to this quantity think about components reminiscent of nationalism, category, gender and race. additionally they discover the information and actions of a few new social and political teams, reminiscent of the city white collar classification (including center type operating women), socialists, commercial employees and emigrants. The booklet questions the parable of jap homogeneity, and offers an emphasis to the range, cross-currents and socio-political tensions that characterized the Nineteen Twenties and Thirties.
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Society and the State in Interwar Japan (Nissan Institute Routledge Japanese Studies Series)
The social background of Japan among the 1st and moment global Wars is a ignored zone of research. The participants to this quantity think of components akin to nationalism, classification, gender and race. in addition they discover the tips and actions of a few new social and political teams, similar to the city white collar type (including heart category operating women), socialists, commercial employees and emigrants.
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Extra resources for Society and the State in Interwar Japan (Nissan Institute Routledge Japanese Studies Series)
Sample text
Their position in the school was likened by the committee to their position in the family—as mothers. But this positive role did not protect women from criticisms of their ‘natural’ weaknesses. An examination of women’s motivations for becoming teachers also reveals the special situation of teaching as employment for women. In terms of financial rewards, the situation for women teachers contrasted with that of men teachers. Compared to other employment for women, teaching paid well, and this made it attractive to girls from lower and middle-class backgrounds.
It was argued that it would also create a lack of continuity in classroom teachers. In support of the proposal, Sawayanagi presented the idea in a highly practical light. He compared the situation to the West, where, he said, women teachers retired on marriage even though the domestic duties of Western women were much less strenuous than those of Japanese women. 68 After much struggle and in a much reduced form, the proposal was finally accepted at the seventh meeting in 1927, only to be rejected by the Education Ministry.
Accordingly, in addition to showing that different kinds of nationalism existed even during the war, the debate demonstrates that modern Japanese national identity is not a static concept, but rather that it has undergone interpretation and reinterpretation throughout the twentieth century. In view of this last general point, in the epilogue to the book I will suggest the relevance of our studies for understanding developments in the periods after the end of the war. Norton, 1992, p. xvii. , p.
