By D. F. A. Edwards
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Additional resources for Electronic Measurement Techniques
Sample text
The shunt, however, does not DIRECT CURRENT INSTRUMENTS 39 increase in value to any great extent, being made, not of copper as is the moving coil, but of a special alloy such as Manganin. The result is that the magnification of the shunt varies. The difficulty is overcome by connecting a resistance in series with the instrument, large enough to make the changes in the latter's resistance negligible in comparison. This swamping resistance, as it is called, is made of the same alloy as the shunt, (see Fig.
When S is set at 1002 there would be a deflection of say 40 mm to one side and when S is at 1000 there might be 20 mm the other way. However, if the deflection in the latter case was only 2 mm, it would not be correct to assume that 1001 was the correct value since the galvanometer sensitivity would not be high enough to justify this assumption. If, on the other hand, the galvanometer was too sensitive there might be a deflection of 1-5 m one side, 1 m the other side and 50 mm for the 1001 setting.
This behaviour is the mechanical equivalent of the electrical circuit containing inductance and capacitance; the inductance correspondĀ ing to the mass and the capacitance to the reciprocal of the elasticity. The reader will be familiar with the effect of resistance in a circuit. The corresponding damping effect in the case of the galvanometer is of great practical importance, for if the instrument has little damping the pointer will swing backwards and forwards a great many times before coming to rest at its deflected position corresponding to the particular value of current.