By Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
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Additional info for Toxicological profiles - 1,1-dichloroethene
Sample text
3 Immunological Effects No studies were located regarding immunological effects in humans or animals after inhalation exposure to 1,1-dichloroethene. 4 Neurological Effects Central nervous system depression and symptoms of inebriation, which may progress to unconsciousness, have been observed in humans after acute exposure to high airborne concentrations(4,000 ppm) of 1,1-dichloroethene (EPA 1979b). Complete recovery generally occurs if exposure is not prolonged. However, two cases of persistent cranial nerve disorders were observed following acute inhalation exposure to 1,1-dichloroethene.
Rapid absorption occurred following oral administration of 200 mg/kg in an aqueous emulsion, as evidenced by the observation that the largest percentage of the dose was exhaled during the initial 15-minute period (Chieco et al. 1981). Peak blood levels were achieved in rats within 2-8 minutes after oral administration (Putcha et al. 1986). 5-50 mg/kg of radiolabeled 1,1-dichloroethene was given to female rats, 10% of the parent compound was recovered in the expired air by 1 hour after exposure, indicating that oral absorption was rapid (Reichert et al.
Thus, it does not appear that the occurrence of nephrosis necessarily predisposes the animal to the development of kidney tumors. An increased incidence of malignant mammary tumors and leukemia was reported in rats exposed to 100 ppm 1,1-dichloroethene 4-7 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks (Cotti et al. 1988; Maltoni et al. 1985). Pregnant female rats were exposed on gestation day 12; the exposures continued in dams and 50% of the offspring (in 12-day and older embryos via transplacental exposure, followed by inhalation exposure for all progeny from this group) for 104 weeks.
