By Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2
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Extra info for Toxicological profiles - 1,1-dichloroethane
Example text
However, the conclusion that 1,1-dichloroethane is not a tumor promoter may not be entirely justified since a maximal response was observed in terms of tumor incidence in the DENA-alone-treated mice (100% tumor incidence at 52 weeks). Therefore, an increase in the incidence of liver tumors due to 1,1-dichloroethane following DENA initiation, if it existed, could not have been detected. Furthermore, since measurement of water consumption and replenishment were only done once a week, there was no way to determine the extent, if any, evaporation contributed to loss of the test chemical and affected the reported level of exposure.
Studies monitoring levels in blood and excretion would be useful to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters. Comparative Toxicokinetics. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion data for 1,1-dichloroethane are all derived from animal studies. It is likely that human disposition would follow a scheme similar to that found in animals, but this conclusion is highly speculative. However, similar results obtained in vivo across several animal species would provide supportive evidence for the assumption that 1,1- dichloroethane is handled in a similar manner in humans.
2 Oral Exposure No studies were located that quantitated the absorption of ingested 1,1-dichloroethane in humans or 14 animals. However, when 700 mg [ C]-1,1-dichloroethane/kg was orally administered to rats and mice, absorption was evidenced by the presence of radiolabel in expired air and the presence of radiolabeled metabolites in urine, though there was no quantitative assessment made of the extent or rate of absorption (Mitoma et al. 1985). 3 Dermal Exposure No studies were located regarding the absorption of 1,1-dichloroethane in humans or animals following dermal exposure.
