By C. J. Camphuysen, I. L. Boyd, S. Wanless
The sustainable exploitation of the marine setting will depend on our skill to boost structures of administration with predictable results. regrettably, marine ecosystems are hugely dynamic and this estate may well clash with the target of sustainable exploitation. This booklet investigates the idea that the inhabitants and behavioural dynamics of predators on the higher finish of marine nutrients chains can be utilized to aid with administration. considering that those species combine the dynamics of marine ecosystems throughout quite a lot of spatial and temporal scales, they give new assets of data that may be officially utilized in surroundings administration targets. This ebook examines the present advances within the knowing of the ecology of marine predators and may examine how details from those species can be utilized in administration.
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Extra info for Top Predators in Marine Ecosystems: Their Role in Monitoring and Management
Sample text
Estes, J. A. (1996). The influence of large, mobile predators in aquatic food webs: examples from sea otters and kelp forests. In Aquatic Predators and their Prey, eds. S. P. R. Greenstreet & M. L. Tasker. Oxford, UK: Fishing News Books, pp. 65–72. Estes, J. , Tinker, M. , Williams, T. M. & Doak, D. F. (1998). Killer whale predation on sea otters linking oceanic and nearshore ecosystems. Science, 282, 473–6. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2002). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture.
Trathan et al. (2003) also showed, that over the past two decades, periods of high krill biomass have only occurred during anomalously cold periods. This finding is consistent with the correlations observed here, where we suggest that reduced levels of prey availability are linked with anomalously warm periods. If this is the case, then low prey availability must affect the population processes of both gentoo penguins and Antarctic fur seals. At South Georgia, observations of the length–frequency distribution of krill in the diet of Antarctic fur seals (Reid et al.
This suggests that the physical environment has significant impact on the population processes of these species and that it affects the manner in which they achieve breeding condition. Relationships between SST and recruitment have been observed elsewhere in the southwest Atlantic, with variability in the recruitment of squid (Waluda et al. 1999, 2004) and fish (North et al. 1998, North 2004) linked to SST. Such relationships are not unexpected for planktonic and nektonic species where temperatures may directly affect juvenile development.
