By Akiko Hashimoto
In The lengthy Defeat, Akiko Hashimoto explores the stakes of warfare reminiscence in Japan after its catastrophic defeat in international warfare II, displaying how and why defeat has develop into an indelible a part of nationwide collective lifestyles, specially in contemporary many years. Divisive warfare thoughts lie on the root of the contentious politics surrounding Japan's pacifist structure and remilitarization, and gas the escalating frictions in East Asia identified jointly as Japan's "history problem." Drawing on ethnography, interviews, and a wealth of well known reminiscence information, this publication identifies 3 preoccupations - nationwide belonging, therapeutic, and justice - in Japan's discourses of defeat. Hashimoto uncovers the main struggle reminiscence narratives which are shaping Japan's offerings - nationalism, pacifism, or reconciliation - for addressing the emerging overseas tensions and at last overcoming its darkish heritage.
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Extra resources for The Long Defeat: Cultural Trauma, Memory, and Identity in Japan
Sample text
There were those who despaired so much that they killed themselves. [But] his majesty was not God after all. The War was an act of aggression. For me, the Imperial Army was God’s army, but then it actually turned out to be a miserable story. 31 I didn’t want to die. I was scared of death; I wanted to live. Death, death, death. Death had a cruel whisper. 32 These testimonies of defeated soldiers (haizanhei) reveal what it was like to be reduced to naked self-preservation and to be on the verge of physical and mental collapse.
My father was transport personnel at the time in Nanjing. I feel ambivalent about it. We must never allow our children and grandchildren to be taken away to war again. Taking a firm stand [in protest against war] is the memorial for my father. (Sakurazawa Takao)60 My gentle father who never even drank became a completely different person. Home went to shambles. My mother suffered from emotional distress. My father was never freed from the war, and died years later. There must be many veterans who suffered from deep physical and mental scars like my father.
And when your buddies die, the desire for revenge is tremendous… This is just the tip of the iceberg. The battlefront is nothing but a repulsive encounter with life and death. 36 34 Chapter 2 Understanding the testimonies of the wartime generation requires recognizing that war experiences were different by age and the year of draft. Their stories tell different types of experiences, depending on where the soldiers were, what they did, at what age, and with what outcome. Those over age 90 today were old enough to have been drafted at the outset of the conflict in China; as a result, they experienced the entire war as adults.
