By Gary W. Cox
The effective key's an research of the institutional adjustments in parliamentary govt in nineteenth-century England, targeting the years among the 1st and 3rd Reform Acts. Professor Gary W. Cox employs a rational selection version to research the issues of voter selection and to check the emergence of celebration loyalty within the voters, the improvement of cupboard govt, and their legislative outcomes. The introductory chapters give you the old surroundings for this research and in short survey nineteenth-century political and fiscal occasions. Professor Cox then makes a speciality of the raises in occasion vote casting in Parliament and within the voters. To help his argument relating those parallel advancements, he makes use of statistical facts drawn from ballot books and newspapers.
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Additional resources for The Efficient Secret: The Cabinet and the Development of Political Parties in Victorian England (Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions)
Sample text
1 dispels this expectation. The reader will note that there are two sets of entries for 1850. One set (labeled 1850b in the table) corresponds to Lowell's assumption that the Protectionists and Peelites were properly viewed as separate parties at that time, as were the Liberals and Repealers. Lowell classified all MPs in i860 as either Conservative or Liberal, and he noted (1902: 327) that the apparent decline in discipline in his figures from 1850, when Protectionists and "true" Liberals are compared, to i860, when expanded notions of Conservative and Liberal are used, is presumably due to this difference in classification.
Lowell's pioneering work at the turn of the century (Lowell 1902). In 21 Development of parliamentary parties this work, Lowell defined the now-familiar concept of a "party vote" one in which 90% or more of the members of one major party oppose 90% or more of the other major party - and used it to document the upsurge in discipline by calculating the percentage of all divisions which were party votes in seven selected years: 1836, 1850, i860, 1871, 1881, 1894, a n d 1899. Since Lowell's work, only two comparable contributions to our quantitative knowledge of party cohesion in Victorian Parliaments have been made.
The levels of discipline in 1869-70 should be less affected by the Conservative organizational push, which, as mentioned above, really got under way with the appointment of a new nadivisions whipped by the Conservative government on which the MP supported the government position. The divisions used to calculate the party support were drawn from two sources: first, a random sample of 26 divisions in 1875 drawn by the author; second, a sample of 19 divisions in 1874 a n d 1875 drawn by James C. Hamilton (Hamilton 1968).
