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Additional info for Studies on Grammaticalization (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs)
Example text
This section provided evidence for the impact of the grammaticalization of particular items to the speaker’s choices within an interactive model of verbal communication. The desemanticization of the prepositions en/eis and the extinction of the further prepositions that were used for the encoding of spatial regions in Ancient Greek resulted in the increase of the use of spatial adverbs in constructions with a reference object NP. If we consider this change outside its functional environment, we may conclude that it is an instance of renovation: the prepositions en ‘inessive’/eis ‘illative’ are renovated by the adverb mésa ‘inside’ in Modern Greek.
In previous stages of Greek, the expression of spatial region was not obligatory, since reference objects could be introduced in an adverbial case (dative for static relations, accusative for allative relations, and genitive for ablative relations), as exemplified for the locative dative in (8). However, in Classical Greek, expression of local relation through oblique case NPs is restricted to typical locations such as ‘ground’, ‘house’, etc. 4) Grammaticalization and sets of form-function pairs 37 In the course of desemanticization, the prepositions en/eis lose the feature ‘interior’ and encode merely a non-specific region.
3. 2, does not involve a change of the set of functional concepts, but just a change in the encoding pattern. The contrast of the prepositions en ‘inessive’ and eis ‘illative’ encodes an opposition of spatial relations. 2. Several local and non-local usages occur with both prepositions, so that they occur in free variation in a wide range of contexts. This development reaches its peak in the Medieval era; in the Modern variety of Greek the functions of these prepositions are undertaken by eis or its phonological descendants is/se/s, while the preposition en becomes extinct (it only occurs in expressions borrowed from Ancient varieties of Greek).
