By Steve McConnell
The software program is infamous for its negative estimates. For years, Code Complete's Steve McConnell has been attempting to repair that. In software program Estimation, he is introduced jointly all he is discovered via educating hundreds of thousands of software program execs and construction one of many world's top software program estimation instruments. this can be the definitive therapy: either formal thoughts and an important "rules of thumb.McConnell walks via resources of errors, unearths universal estimating pitfalls, and indicates the way to enhance accuracy by utilizing numerous how you can refine your projections. you are going to find out how to "decompose" initiatives into smaller components (for example, modules rather than systems); after which recompose these parts into one coherent estimate.Next, he systematically addresses the demanding situations of estimating venture dimension, attempt, and agenda. final yet no longer least, you will discover life like counsel on featuring estimates to administration, and surviving these inevitable, dreaded negotiations.
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Do the Telephone Number Checker and the Address Checker interact? How long will it take to integrate the Telephone Number Checker and the Address Checker? • What will the quality level of the Telephone Number Checker be? ) • How long will it take to debug and correct mistakes made in the implementation of the Telephone Number Checker? (Individual performance among different programmers with the same level of Chapter 4: Where Does Estimation Error Come From? 31 32 Chapter 4: Where Does Estimation Error Come From?
Many projects navigate under a happy medium of some flexibility in budget, schedule, and features. In any of these cases the different ways the software could ultimately take shape will produce widely different combinations of cost, schedule, and feature set. Suppose you're developing an order-entry system and you haven't yet pinned down the requirements for entering telephone numbers. Some of the uncertainties that could affect a software estimate from the requirements activity through release include the following: • When telephone numbers are entered, will the customer want a Telephone Number Checker to check whether the numbers are valid?
A diseconomy of scale is the opposite. In software, the larger the system becomes, the greater the cost of each unit. If software exhibited economies of scale, a 100,000-LOC system would be less than 10 times as costly as a 10,000-LOC system. But the opposite is almost always the case. Figure 5-3 illustrates a typical diseconomy of scale in software compared with the increase of effort that would be associated with linear growth. Figure 5-3: Diseconomy of scale for a typical business-systems project ranging from 10,000 to 100,000 lines of code.
