By John B. West MD PhD
This spouse monograph to West's respiration body structure covers common breathing functionality and makes a speciality of the functionality of the diseased lung. Pulmonary Pathophysiology: The necessities deals a concise evaluate of the diseased states of the lung, emphasizing constitution and serve as. The 8th variation is updated to comprise new details on bronchial asthma cures, new radiographs and micrographs, prolonged sections on infections and melanoma, extra thorough factors for evaluate questions, and a brand new precis appendix of equations with pattern calculations.
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Extra resources for Pulmonary Pathophysiology: The Essentials
Sample text
6 4. A patient with chronic pulmonary disease undergoes emergency surgery. 20, respectively. How would the acid–base status be best described? A. B. C. D. E. Mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Fully compensated respiratory acidosis. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis. Fully compensated metabolic acidosis. 5. Which of the following mechanisms of hypoxemia will prevent the arterial PO2 reaching the expected level if the subject is given 100% oxygen to breathe?
Interpretation The FRC and RV are typically increased in diseases in which there is an increased airway resistance, for example, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma. Indeed, at one time, an elevated RV was regarded as an essential feature of emphysema. The RV is raised in these conditions because airway closure occurs at an abnormally high lung volume. A reduced FRC and RV are often seen in patients with reduced lung compliance, for example, in diffuse interstitial fibrosis. In this case, the lung is stiff and tends to recoil to a smaller resting volume.
In addition, they have thin, atrophied walls. There is also some loss of larger airways. The structural changes are well seen with the naked eye or hand lens in large slices of lung (Figure 4-3). indd 49 11/1/2011 2:36:09 PM 50 Chapter 4 A B Figure 4-3. Appearance of Slices of Normal and Emphysematous Lung. A. Normal. B. Panacinar emphysema (barium sulfate impregnation, × 14). (From Heard BE. Pathology of Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema. ) Types Various types of emphysema are recognized. The definition given earlier indicates that the disease affects the parenchyma distal to the terminal bronchiole.
