By T. Kovacs
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Additional resources for Principles of X-Ray Metallurgy
Sample text
Photographic plates, when first exposed to radiation and then developed, show results similar to those caused by exposure to visible light. The main difference is that X-rays produce an equal distribution of reduced SUPERCOAT SILVER GRA I NS ~E POSITION Of SUBSTRATUM PROTECT IVE SUPERCOAT FREE fROM SILVER GRAINS (c) Fig. 7. Cross-section of an X-ray film: (a) the unexposed film; (b) the wet processed film; (c) the dried film. /ford Ltd) silver throughout the whole thickness of the sensitive layer, whereas visible light affects only the surface grains.
The ions which are contained entirely within the precincts of the unit cell will wholly belong to the cell. The ions located at the corners are shared by eight unit cells, hence their contribution is one-eighth of the total number of corner ions. When the unit cell is face centred, these ions are shared between two unit cells, thus they contribute half of their total number to the unit cell. The total number of ions may be expressed as N = N;+iNJ+tNc where N;, N 1 and Nc are the number of interior, facial and corner ions respectively.
D'Eye and E. Wait found that the one rapid fixing preparation based on ammonium thiosulphate was very convenient, as it required only a 2 min immersion time. Following the chemical processes, the film must be washed thoroughly for about 30 min in flowing water; the film, and particularly the hanger, should be drained when withdrawn for drying, as water drops may deface the semi-dry film should they drop on it. It occasionally happens that, after about 2 h exposure and careful processing of the film, no diffraction effect appears on the plate.
