By Arthur J. Olch
content material: evaluate of early life melanoma : prevalence, survival, and overdue results --
demanding situations of treating teenagers with radiation remedy --
Leukemia --
Tumors of the crucial frightened procedure --
Hodgkin lymphoma --
Neuroblastoma --
Wilms' tumor --
Soft-tissue tumors : (rhabdomyosarcoma and different soft-tissue sarcomas) --
Bone sarcomas (osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma) --
Retinoblastoma.
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Sample text
2006). Most other large epidemiological case-control studies also show that risk of SM is highest for the youngest children, especially for children less than 5 years old. In a multivariate analysis, Garwicz et al. (2000) showed a threefold increased risk with radiotherapy alone at ages less than 5 years old compared to older patients. From the A-bomb survivors LSS data with acute whole body exposure with a mean dose of less than 1 Gy, the ratio of ERR for death from SM for exposure at age 10 versus 50 years old was about 2 to 3 (UNSCEAR 2008).
2010). Through a review of actual cases of SM in childhood cancer survivors, we will see if risk for SM increases or decreases with dose, and, correspondingly, whether SM most often occur in the treated volume or distant from the treated volume. 5 What Is the Dose–Response Relationship for Second Malignancy in Children? One can debate the merits of various risk calculation models but the most compelling data are found in clinical studies of secondary cancer induction in children treated for cancer with radiation therapy.
1998; Svahn-Tapper et al. 2006). Neglia et al. (2001) reported that 64% of the secondary CNS cancers arose in the patients with leukemia, who comprised only 34% of all patients in the cohort. 7/Gy for SM of the thyroid (Svahn-Tapper et al. 2006). A dose–response was seen in most studies (Walter et al. 1998; Bhatia and Sklar 2002; Neglia et al. 2006; Svahn-Tapper et al. 2006). One exception was Little et al. (1998), who found a dose–response only for benign SMs of the brain. Broniscer et al. (2004) reported on 1283 pediatric brain tumor patients treated at a single institution from which 24 SMs were found.
