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Nuclear Receptors as Molecular Targets for Cardiometabolic by B. Staels

By B. Staels

Nuclear receptors are a relations of transcription elements together with forty nine participants pointed out within the human genome. Nuclear receptors keep watch over transcription through binding to reaction components within the regulatory areas of goal genes and thereby impact expression of genes excited about differentiation, progress, lipid homeostasis, irritation and immunity. during the last 20 years major advances were made within the realizing of the legislation of gene expression by way of nuclear receptors.The wisdom on nuclear receptors has brought novel remedies for lipid keep watch over and hormone substitute, and for administration of melanoma and diabetes. hence, nuclear receptors are appealing molecular objectives for layout of treatment for diabetes, weight problems, atherosclerosis, melanoma, irritation and neurodegeneration. the point of interest of this quantity is headquartered at the mechanistic involvement of nuclear receptors in cardiological, metabolic and neurological problems, on attainable rationalization of pathways fascinated with pathogenesis, on susceptibility to and prevention of metabolic and neurological issues and at the elements of drug discovering together with chemistry and rational drug layout. This quantity studies fresh growth on nuclear receptors seriously and may intrigue these pursuing curiosity in body structure, pathology and medicine.

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Additional resources for Nuclear Receptors as Molecular Targets for Cardiometabolic and Central Nervous System Diseases (Solvay Pharmaceuticals Conferences)

Example text

While the ERRs can indeed function in classic estrogen-responsive systems such as bones and breast cancer cells [16,17], it now appears that their primary and most essential task is to act as regulators of energy metabolism. The first evidence that the ERRs could be involved in the control of energy metabolism consisted in the finding that a consensus binding site for ERRD was embedded within an essential regulatory element located in the promoter of the mediumchain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase gene (MCAD, Acadm) [18,19].

In ZDF rats, plasma glucose levels were significantly reduced while both plasma and liver triglycerides in db/db and ZDF rat studies increased. Obese insulin-resistant female Zucker (fa/fa) rats treated for 9 days with T0901317 revealed a significant improvement in glucose tolerance. The insulin sensitivity index, calculated as the product of the glucose AUC and the insulin AUC during the oral glucose tolerance test, was significantly improved in the treated group. Thus T0901317 effectively lowers glucose in diabetic rodents and may improve insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant rodents but does not cause hypoglycemia in normal animals.

Abel, O. K. Kim et al. Adipose-selective targeting of the GLUT4 gene impairs insulin action in muscle and liver. Nature 409 (2001) 729-733. Comment in: Nature 409 (2001) 672-673. R. Shepherd, L. Gnudi, E. Tozzo et al. Adipose cell hyperplasia and enhanced glucose disposal in transgenic mice overexpressing GLUT4 selectively in adipose tissue. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1993) 2224322246. K. M. U. Schuster et al. On the role of liver X receptors in lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Mol. Endocrinol. 17 (2003) 172-182.

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