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Globalization, Poverty and Inequality: Between a Rock and a by Raphael Kaplinsky

By Raphael Kaplinsky

Globalization is characterized by way of chronic poverty and transforming into inequality. traditional knowledge has it that this international poverty is residual - as globalization deepens, the bad might be lifted out of destitution. The regulations of the area financial institution, the IMF and the WTO echo this trust and push constructing international locations ever deeper into the worldwide economy.Globalization, Poverty and Inequality offers another perspective. It argues that for lots of - rather for these dwelling in Latin the United States, Asia and vital Europe - poverty and globalization are relational. it's the very workings of the worldwide procedure which condemn many to poverty. particularly the mobility of funding, and the big pool of more and more expert employees in China and different elements of Asia, are using down worldwide wages. This poses demanding situations for coverage makers in businesses and nations in the course of the global. It additionally demanding situations the very sustainability of globalisation itself. Are we approximately to witness the implosion of globalisation, as happened among 1913 and 1950?Using quite a few theoretical frameworks and drawing on an enormous volume of unique learn, this booklet may be a useful source for all scholars of globalization and its results.

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The effect is not entirely attributable to “globalization,” as both countries also engaged in domestic economic reforms allowing a greater role for markets and the private sector in the economy, but integration no doubt played a large role. Growth and poverty reduction Aggregate growth is undoubtedly an instrument for poverty reduction, and it is associated with improvements in the minimum standard of living over some time horizon. Besley and Burgess’s (2003) estimates for the elasticity of poverty with respect to income per capita vary widely across country samples, but all are negative, implying that growth reduces poverty.

19 There are, empirically, important exceptions to this general theoretical expectation: Harrison and Hanson (1999) present evidence that trade openness in several Latin American and Asian countries has been associated with an increased return to skilled labor relative to unskilled labor. 20 Wage labor market policies are obviously not a solution for all of poverty. Only a small part of the labor force in many developing countries (less than 20% in India and South Asia, for example) is in formal wage and salary employment.

Brandolini (1999) Promise and Pitfalls in the Use of “Secondary” Data Sets: Income Inequality in OECD Countries, Oxford: Nuffield College, mimeo. Bénabou, Roland (1996) “Inequality and Growth,” NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 11, MIT Press: 11–74. Besley, Timothy, and Robin Burgess (2003) “Halving Global Poverty,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(3): 3–22. Bhagwati, Jagdish (1966) The Economics of Underdeveloped Countries, New York: McGraw-Hill. —— (1968) “The Theory and Practice of Commercial Policy,” Frank Graham Memorial Lecture, Princeton University, 1967, International Finance Section, Princeton.

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