By Philip Rubin, L.S. Constine, Lawrence B. Marks, Paul Okunieff
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Additional resources for CURED I - LENT Late Effects of Cancer Treatment on Normal Tissues (Medical Radiology Radiation Oncology)
Example text
Endothelial cells (EC) are key elements of the vessel wall, present at all levels of the vascular tree, and their integrity is essential for vascular function [4]. This description summarizes in vivo and in vitro data indicating the role of EC in the pathologic processes produced by ionizing radiation. 19 3 20 L. F. 2 Physiology of Endothelial Cells A discussion of the radiation effects on endothelial cells should be preceded by some review of the complex physiology of the endothelium [4]. g. g.
Groups of 10 ICAM-1 –/– and ICAM1 +/+ mice were irradiated at the doses indicated. Those animals that survived for 18 months post-irradiation were sacrificed, and lungs were prepared for sectioning. Alveolar septal wall thickness was measured for five sections in each group. Fold increase in wall thickness normalized to non-irradiated mice is shown. Asterisk indicates statistical significance. (Reprinted from [31] with permission of Oxford University Press) context of radiation resistance. However, PI3K inhibition can also be applied to the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced pneumonitis, as described below.
The production of ICAM-1 increases substantially immediately following irradiation of mouse lung (four-fold within 2 days of treatment). However, it is not until day 28 post-irradiation that ICAM-1 production peaks (Fig. 1). This late increase in ICAM-1 is reflective of the delayed nature of radiation fibrosis and pneumonitis. It is felt that the ICAM-I production provides a place of attachment for leukocytes that are recruited to the vicinity that essentially provides a positive feedback loop. It should be noted that studies using a pig model have suggested less of a role for ICAM-1.
