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Cold-Water Corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-Sea Coral by J. Murray Roberts, Andrew Wheeler, André Freiwald, Stephen

By J. Murray Roberts, Andrew Wheeler, André Freiwald, Stephen Cairns

There are extra coral species in deep, cold-waters than in tropical coral reefs. This broad-ranging therapy is the 1st to synthesise present realizing of every kind of cold-water coral, masking their ecology, biology, palaeontology and geology. starting with a background of study within the box, the authors describe the techniques had to learn corals within the deep sea. they give thought to coral habitats created via stony scleractinian in addition to octocoral species. the significance of corals as long-lived geological constructions and palaeoclimate records is mentioned, as well as ways that they are often conserved. subject packing containers clarify unexpected suggestions, and case experiences summarize major reviews, coral habitats or specific conservation measures. Written for pros and scholars of marine technological know-how, this article is more suitable by means of an intensive thesaurus, on-line assets, and a distinct number of colour images and illustrations of corals and the habitats they shape.

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Extra info for Cold-Water Corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-Sea Coral Habitats

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Grigg, 1974) or more recently simply as Gerardia sp. Gerardia is one of the longest-lived animals yet observed in the ocean. Druffel et al. (1995) assigned an age of 1800 years to Bahamian specimens, which they likened to the ‘bristlecone pines of the deep-sea’. 2, p. 91. 5, p. 251. Hawaiian Gerardia occurs as large golden-yellow colonies up to 3 m in both height and width (Colour plate 9), and often encrusts the axes of other benthic cnidarians (Parrish & Baco, 2007), but at other times appears to form independent branched colonies.

Hydraulically damped multi- and megacorers designed to delicately sample the sediment–water interface are often inappropriate in cold-water coral habitats where coral fragments or glacial dropstones prevent cores from penetrating. Large box corers (Fig. 25 m2) samples with almost intact benthic assemblages. However, fine sediment material and meiofauna are often blown away by the corer’s bow a. b. Fig. 25 m2 sediment surface area but is usually deployed without video guidance. Remotely operated vehicle push-cores (b) recover small sediment samples in a very precisely controlled manner.

Seafloor observatory nodes could also become energy supply and data download stations for AUVs and crawlers allowing them to remain deployed for prolonged periods. At the time of writing North American cabled observatory plans are being implemented in the North Pacific (the MARS, NEPTUNE and VENUS projects). In Europe plans have been laid for an observatory including coral carbonate mounds in the Porcupine Seabight (ESONET). Seafloor observatories have the potential to bring these remote environments directly into the laboratory, classroom or home in real time.

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