By Tahira Farooqui, Akhlaq A. Farooqui
Biogenic amines are evidently happening amines which are derived by means of enzymic decarboxylation of the normal amino acids. They belong to a category of neurotransmitters together with catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine), indolamine (serotonin), and imidazoleamine (histamine). Biogenic amines have nice pharmacological and physiological value. the most goal of this ebook is to provide readers with accomplished info on pharmacology, neurochemistry and molecular neurobiology of biogenic amine within the CNS of vertebrate and invertebrates in one quantity textual content. The ebook has been organised into chapters and sections to supply a greater stream of data. moreover, this precise quantity presents its readers with innovative details on biogenic amines. it may be utilized by graduate scholars, postdoctoral fellows, researchers, and scientists who paintings on the pharmaceutical as a guide, which describes all points of biogenic amine metabolism.
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Extra resources for Biogenic Amines: Pharmacological, Neurochemical and Molecular Aspects in the CNS
Sample text
The great DOPA mystery: the source and significance of DOPA in phase I melanogenesis. Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-le-grand). 1999; 45:951-960. [18] Habecker BA, Landis SC. Noradrenergic regulation of cholinergic differentiation. Science. 1994;264:1602-1604. [19] Tian H, Habecker B, Guidry G, Gurtan A, Rios M, Roffler-Tarlov S, Landis SC. Catecholamines are required for the acquisition of secretory responsiveness by sweat glands. Journal of Neuroscience. 2000;20:7362-7369. [20] Bornstein SR, Tian H, Haidan A, Bottner A, Hiroi N, Eisenhofer G, McCann SM, Chrousos GP, Roffler-Tarlov S.
Tyrosinase, the enzyme that is present in melanosomes does the same job for the synthesis of pigments (for discussion of this pathway see [17]. The first TH knockout made in our lab was on a black background, the C57Bl6. As expected, the TH-null fetuses produced no catecholamines [5]. The assays were both biochemical using HPLC separation followed by electrochemical detection, and histological by glyoxylic acid induced histofluorescence. The latter can pinpoint the locations of small quantities of catecholamines present in neuronal processes, for example.
Uretsky, we review studies on the regulation of AAAD, much of which is based on the original concept of using selective neurotoxins to unmask the function of brain catecholamine systems. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE In 1938 Holtz et al. 28, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase [AAAD; AADC; DDC], also known as, 5hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, DOPA decarboxylase, hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, L-DOPA decarboxylase, tryptophan decarboxylase) in mammalian tissue. The enzyme is found in both neuronal (monoaminergic neurons in the CNS, sympathetic neurons, and adrenal medulla) and non-neuronal cells (liver, intestine, and kidney) and this distribution is ascribed to tissue-specific expression of the AAAD gene as a result of alternative promoter usage and differential splicing [4].
