By R. Viswanathan
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Extra resources for Advanced heat resistant steels for power generation
Example text
S. 2%) leads to poor weldability and creep strength has not been found to be particularly good. Meanwhile, improved l2Cr steels for boilers have recently been developed by eliminating the drawbacks of conventional l2Cr steels. HCM128 and HCM12A9 are examples of these improved l2Cr steels. HCM12 is a 12Cr steel with 10/oMoand 10/oWhaving a duplex structure of 8-ferrite and tempered martensite with improved weld ability and creep strength. The stability of the creep strength of this steel has been designed by using precipitation strengthening with very fine VN precipitates, and high-temperature tempering at over 800°C.
Starting with a given size distribution of particles and measuring the change in the particle size distribution with increasing tempering time at constant temperature, it is possible to determine the growth time dependent on carbide particles in steel. The results obtained are shown in Fig. 3 and indicate the validity of the analysis given in eqn (3). s Q; Q) E cc 10 (5 Q) (3 :e cc a. 0 Tempering Time (Hrs) Fig. 30/0 carbon steel initially in the as quenched condition micro structural stability is that once the mean particle size has become large and the small particles have been taken back into solution, further Ostwald ripening virtually stops.
R. G. Baker and J. , 1959, 192, p. 257. 14. G. , Dissertation, Matallurgy Department, Leeds University 1984. , 5-717-1, Fukahori-machi, Nagasaki 851-0392, Japan ABSTRACT Steam conditions in power plants are gradually being raised with a view to energy savings and environmental protection. The steam temperature of 600°Cfor modern power plant has already been realised, and a goal for the future is the 625°C class with ferritic steels. T 91IP 91 was developed in the early 1980sand was subsequently widely used for the high-temperature components of power boilers.
