By F. John Gennari, Horacio J. Adrogue, John H. Galla, Nicolaos Maddias
With particular contributions and learn from specialists within the body structure of standard acid-base homeostasis and the administration of acid-base issues, this reference offers an abundance of data on acid-base body structure, problems of acid-base equilibrium, and the administration and remedy of those problems in medical perform. a special and well timed resource, this consultant presents a good number of tables, references, and figures to demonstrate the connection among the underlying body structure and prognosis of acid-base problems.
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Example text
The only exception to this finding appears to be the red blood cell, in which cell [Hþ] is consistent with electrochemical equilibrium (19). , O2 consumption) is continually required to either remove Hþ from the cell or to add OHÀ in order to maintain the relative alkalinity of the intracellular environment. This selective ion movement is accomplished by active (or secondary active) transport of Hþ and HCOÀ 3, often linked to the transport of other ions (most notably Naþ, Kþ, and ClÀ). REGULATION OF CELL pH To maintain cell pH stable at a higher level than its equilibrium value, active and regulated Hþ extrusion must be an ongoing process, and the rate of extrusion of Hþ must equal its rate of entry (26).
One can calculate from the histidine content of striated muscle homogenates, for example, that at least 57% of the aggregate buffer value of nonbicarbonate buffers in this tissue is accounted for by proteins and by the low-molecular-weight peptides carnosine and anserine. Organic Phosphates Organic phosphates are a heterogeneous group of compounds composed principally of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), glucose-1-phosphate, and various nucleotide phosphates such as adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate (AMP, ADP, and ATP, respectively).
Biochem Z 1917; 78:112–144. Woodbury DM. Regulation of pH. In: Ruch TC, Patton HD, eds. Physiology and Biophysics. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1965:899–930. Van Slyke DD. On the measurement of buffer values and on the relationship of buffer value to the dissociation constant of the buffer and the concentration and reaction of the buffer solution. J Biol Chem 1922; 52:525–571. 22 Gennari and Galla 17. Van Slyke DD, Hastings AB, Hiller A, Sendroy J. Studies of gas and electrolyte equilibria. XIV. The amounts of alkali bound by serum albumin and globulin.
